{"id":23774,"date":"2021-10-06T09:31:07","date_gmt":"2021-10-06T07:31:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/deepseareporter.dev.phosdev.se\/?p=23774"},"modified":"2022-11-17T19:15:31","modified_gmt":"2022-11-17T18:15:31","slug":"genbank-ska-radda-korallerna-innan-det-ar-for-sent","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/deepseareporter.dev.phosdev.se\/sv\/genbank-ska-radda-korallerna-innan-det-ar-for-sent\/","title":{"rendered":"Genbank ska r\u00e4dda korallerna innan det \u00e4r f\u00f6r sent"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Den biologiska m\u00e5ngfalden av djur och v\u00e4xter f\u00f6rsvinner allt snabbare. Det g\u00e4ller \u00e4ven livet under ytan och i synnerhet korallreven. Bara sedan 70-talet ber\u00e4knar man att h\u00e4lften av jordens korallrev har f\u00f6rsvunnit. Stoppar vi inte uppv\u00e4rmningen s\u00e5 kommer vi att f\u00f6rlora \u00e4nnu mer. D\u00e4rf\u00f6r har Sj\u00f6fartsmus\u00e9et Akvariet i G\u00f6teborg best\u00e4mt sig f\u00f6r att skapa en genbank av koraller.<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2013 Det b\u00e4sta hade naturligtvis varit att skydda korallerna ute i det vilda. Men klimatf\u00f6r\u00e4ndringen p\u00e5verkar ju hela jorden, det r\u00e4cker inte att man avgr\u00e4nsar ett omr\u00e5de och s\u00e4ger: \u201dnu ska vi skydda korallerna h\u00e4r\u201d, f\u00f6r det skyddar ju inte mot klimatf\u00f6r\u00e4ndringen. D\u00e4rf\u00f6r kan en genbank hj\u00e4lpa till lite grann, s\u00e4ger Bj\u00f6rn K\u00e4llstr\u00f6m som \u00e4r forskare och en av initiativtagarna till genbanken. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Bj\u00f6rn<\/a>
Bj\u00f6rn K\u00e4llstr\u00f6m \u00e4r forskare p\u00e5 Sj\u00f6fartmus\u00e9et Akvarium och \u00e4r sp\u00e4nd p\u00e5 genbankens utveckling.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Den g\u00f6teborgska genbanken ska fokusera p\u00e5 koraller fr\u00e5n Stilla Havet. Banken byggs upp av sticklingar fr\u00e5n koraller som idag finns i de naturliga korallreven. D\u00e4remot inneh\u00e5ller akvariet p\u00e5 Sj\u00f6fartsmus\u00e9et bara 4000 liter vatten och Stilla Havets korallrev \u00e4r ju betydligt mer omfattande \u00e4n s\u00e5. Genbanken som kommer finnas p\u00e5 mus\u00e9et kommer bara motsvara en promille av de naturliga korallreven. Bj\u00f6rn K\u00e4llstr\u00f6m f\u00f6rst\u00e5r kritiken: <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2013 Men jag resonerar s\u00e5h\u00e4r: Ju mer koraller som f\u00f6rsvinner fr\u00e5n naturen, desto viktigare blir v\u00e5ra i akvarierna. S\u00e5 det h\u00e4r \u00e4r ju viktigt framf\u00f6rallt f\u00f6r forskning f\u00f6r att kunna l\u00e4ra sig odla korallerna och f\u00f6rst\u00e5 b\u00e4ttre hur de fungerar. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Men ett korallrev \u00e4r mycket mer \u00e4n bara koraller, precis som en skog \u00e4r mer \u00e4n sina tr\u00e4d. Det \u00e4r ett ekosystem och hem till hajar, bl\u00e4ckfisk och en uppsj\u00f6 av fiskar. Ska man inte r\u00e4dda dem ocks\u00e5? <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2013 Egentligen skulle man beh\u00f6va skapa en genbank f\u00f6r hela ekosystemet. Men det blir v\u00e4ldigt sv\u00e5rt. Fiskarna som \u00e4r h\u00e4r har vi faktiskt bara ur funktionssynpunkt. De hj\u00e4lper oss att h\u00e5lla rent. De \u00e4ter alger, f\u00f6r annars v\u00e4xer akvariet igen. Sen \u00e4r de v\u00e4ldigt vackra att titta p\u00e5 ocks\u00e5.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2013 Egentligen skulle man beh\u00f6va skapa en genbank f\u00f6r hela ekosystemet. Men det blir v\u00e4ldigt sv\u00e5rt. Fiskarna som \u00e4r h\u00e4r har vi faktiskt bara ur funktionssynpunkt. De hj\u00e4lper oss att h\u00e5lla rent. De \u00e4ter alger, f\u00f6r annars v\u00e4xer akvariet igen. Sen \u00e4r de v\u00e4ldigt vackra att titta p\u00e5 ocks\u00e5.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"korall\"<\/a>
Forskarna i G\u00f6teborg \u00e4r en av fem forskningsgrupper i v\u00e4rlden som lyckats f\u00e5 korallerna att fortplantera sig i f\u00e5ngenskap.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Akvariet planerar att \u00f6ppna n\u00e4sta sommar efter att ha varit st\u00e4ngt i fyra \u00e5r. Men Bj\u00f6rn tippar att det kommer ta hela 10 \u00e5r till innan genbanken \u00e4r helt klar. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2013 D\u00e5 \u00e4r vi verkligen ig\u00e5ng. D\u00e5 har vi f\u00f6rhoppningsvis en databas, d\u00e4r man kan leta reda p\u00e5 vilka arter vi har och vilka genetiska individer av koraller som finns.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bj\u00f6rns f\u00f6rhoppning \u00e4r att man ska kunna ta koraller fr\u00e5n genbanken i framtiden f\u00f6r att kunna \u00e5terplantera dem i det vilda. Men kommer vi h\u00e4r p\u00e5 land p\u00e5verkas av att korallerna f\u00f6rsvinner? <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2013 Om man nu bara ska titta p\u00e5 oss m\u00e4nniskor s\u00e5 \u00e4r det massa matfiskar som har sitt hem och barnkammare i korallreven, s\u00e5 n\u00e4r korallreven f\u00f6rsvinner s\u00e5 sl\u00e5r vi ocks\u00e5 undan f\u00f6tterna p\u00e5 en hel n\u00e4ringskedja som i slut\u00e4ndan ger oss mat. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Det \u00e4r l\u00e4tt att k\u00e4nna sig handfallen inf\u00f6r f\u00f6rlusten av natur som bara verkar g\u00e5 fortare och fortare. Men det g\u00e5r faktiskt att begr\u00e4nsa f\u00f6rlusten av korallreven \u2013 allt beror bara p\u00e5 hur snabbt vi minskar utsl\u00e4ppen. 
 
\u2013 Tittar man d\u00e5 p\u00e5 forskningen fr\u00e5n IPCC s\u00e5 s\u00e4ger dem ju att om vi nu lyckas begr\u00e4nsa oss till bara 1,5 graders uppv\u00e4rmning s\u00e5 kommer vi \u201cbara\u201d att f\u00f6rlora 70 – 90 procent av korallreven. Men passerar vi tv\u00e5 grader \u2013 och det finns det tyv\u00e4rr mycket som talar f\u00f6r att vi g\u00f6r \u2013 d\u00e5 s\u00e4ger forskningen att bara en enda procent av v\u00e4rldens koraller kommer finnas kvar.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"korall\"<\/a>
Akvariet \u00f6ppnar redan n\u00e4sta sommar, men Bj\u00f6rn K\u00e4llstr\u00f6m uppskattar att genbanken inte \u00e4r helt klar f\u00f6rr\u00e4n om 10 \u00e5r.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Sj\u00f6fartsmus\u00e9ets korallbank \u00e4r inte den f\u00f6rsta genbanken i sitt slag. Den mest k\u00e4nda motsvarigheten \u00e4r fr\u00f6banken p\u00e5 Svalbard d\u00e4r miljontals fr\u00f6er fr\u00e5n hela v\u00e4rlden finns samlade. Men precis som fr\u00f6banken s\u00e5 l\u00f6ser inte genbanken huvudproblemet: att djur, v\u00e4xter och koraller f\u00f6rsvinner allt snabbare.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2013 Det \u00e4r absolut bara konstgjord andning, det \u00e4r ingen hj\u00e4lp mot klimatf\u00f6r\u00e4ndringen. Den m\u00e5ste vi l\u00f6sa med. Och det kan vi g\u00f6ra genom att sluta sl\u00e4ppa ut fossila br\u00e4nslen. Men fram tills dess s\u00e5 kan vi skapa genbanker. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

”Ju mer koraller som f\u00f6rsvinner fr\u00e5n naturen, desto viktigare blir v\u00e5ra i akvarierna”, s\u00e4ger forskaren Bj\u00f6rn K\u00e4llstr\u00f6m <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":3125,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[244],"tags":[350,313,351],"class_list":["post-23774","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-klimat-och-miljo","tag-goteborg","tag-korallrev","tag-sjohistoriska-museet"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nGenbank ska r\u00e4dda korallerna innan det \u00e4r f\u00f6r sent - Deep Sea Reporter<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Bara sen 70-talet ber\u00e4knar man att h\u00e4lften av\u00a0jordens\u00a0korallrev har f\u00f6rsvunnit.\u00a0Stoppar vi\u00a0inte uppv\u00e4rmningen kommer vi\u00a0att\u00a0f\u00f6rlora \u00e4nnu mer.\u00a0D\u00e4rf\u00f6r skapar forskare i 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